Depression
What is Depression
Depression (major depressive episode) is a period of prolonged and intense sadness that has both a biological and psychosocial basis. Depression is different than grief by way of intensity and duration. Whereas grief is a normal and expected response to loss, death, or a disappointing outcome, depression sometimes comes on with no trigger and lasts longer, and with greater intensity. Depression is considered a medical condition that can improve with treatment including therapy and/or medications.
Depression symptoms include:
Difficulty with sleep and appetite regulation
Poor concentration
Reduced energy level
Diminished enjoyment of previously pleasant activities
Loss of motivation
Feelings of guilt, shame
Crying, or the inability to cry despite feeling sad
Feelings of hopelessness
Thoughts about death, suicide
Social isolation
Depression symptoms must be present for more days than not, over a period of two weeks.
Are depression and anxiety the same thing?
No. While both are mood disorders that co-occur frequently (at estimated rates as high as 60%), they are separate diagnoses.
It is estimated that roughly 8% of adult Americans suffer from depression symptoms in any given year.
Will depression ever go away?
Left untreated, a first episode of major depression can last 6 to 9 months, with symptoms worsening over time. Therapy and/or medications can help.
Because depression is a painful state to be in, people with the depression symptoms commonly try to alleviate the symptoms through drug use or alcohol use. Unfortunately while drugs and alcohol offer short-term reduction in symptoms they actually worsen the underlying depression by inducing physiological withdrawal, and promoting the avoidance of learning coping skills.
When depression becomes too much
Therapy can treat depression by way of behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, and restoring social connection. Antidepressant medications, as well as other pharmacological interventions can also make a positive difference.